Only certain claims to be joined for recovery of immovable property
Full Text
No cause of action shall, unless with the leave of the Court, be joined with a suit for the recovery of immovable property, except—
(a) claims for mesne profits or arrears of rent in respect of the property claimed or any part thereof;
(b) claims for damages for breach of any contract under which the property or any part thereof is held; and
(c) claims in which the relief sought is based on the same cause of action:
Provided that nothing in this rule shall be deemed to prevent any party in a suit for foreclosure or redemption from asking to be put into possession of the mortgaged property.
Plain English Summary
Restricts the joinder of extraneous causes of action with a suit for recovery of immovable property, exempting only mesne profits, rent arrears, breach of contract damages, or claims based on the identical cause of action unless prior leave is granted.
Key Legal Elements
- Statutory Prohibition: Extraneous personal or money claims cannot be joined with immovable property recovery suits without prior court leave.
- Three Statutory Exceptions (No Leave Needed): (a) Mesne profits/rent arrears; (b) Breach of contract damages; (c) Reliefs based on identical cause of action.
- Mortgage Suits Proviso: Foreclosure and redemption suits can seek possession without offending this rule.
- Prior Leave of Court: Any other cause of action requires explicit application and judicial leave.
Practical Note
Courtroom Tactics & Defense Practice: 1. Application for Leave: If plaintiff wishes to join an unrelated claim for money or return of moveable assets along with a suit for recovery of land, an 'Application under Order II Rule 4 read with Section 151 CPC for leave to join causes of action' must be moved at the time of presenting the plaint. 2. Landlord-Tenant Suits: A landlord seeking eviction can automatically join claims for rent arrears and future mesne profits under clauses (a) and (b) without requiring separate leave of court. 3. Specific Performance: A suit for specific performance with prayer for possession falls squarely under clause (c) as it arises from the same contract/transaction.
हिंदी पाठ
अचल संपत्ति के प्रत्युद्धरण (Recovery of immovable property) के वाद में न्यायालय की इजाजत के बिना कोई भी वाद-हेतुक संयोजित नहीं किया जाएगा, सिवाय—
(क) दावाकृत संपत्ति या उसके किसी भाग के संबंध में अंतःकालीन लाभों (Mesne profits) या किराए के बकाए के दावों के;
(ख) किसी ऐसी संविदा के भंग के लिए नुकसानियों (Damages) के दावों के जिसके अधीन वह संपत्ति या उसका कोई भाग धारित है; तथा
(ग) उन दावों के जिनमें चाहा गया अनुतोष उसी वाद-हेतुक पर आधारित है:
परन्तु इस नियम की कोई भी बात पुरोबंध (Foreclosure) या मोचन (Redemption) के वाद में किसी पक्षकार को बंधक संपत्ति का कब्जा दिए जाने की मांग करने से रोकने वाली नहीं समझी जाएगी।