Where Appellate Court may frame issues and refer them for trial to Court whose decree appealed from
Full Text
Where the Court from whose decree the appeal is preferred has omitted to frame or try any issue, or to determine any question of fact, which appears to the Appellate Court essential to the right decision of the suit upon the merits, the Appellate Court may, if necessary, frame issues, and refer the same for trial to the Court from whose decree the appeal is preferred, and in such case shall direct such Court to take the additional evidence required; and such Court shall proceed to try such issues, and shall return the evidence to the Appellate Court together with its findings thereon and the reasons therefor within such time as may be fixed by the Appellate Court or extended by it from time to time.
Plain English Summary
Allows the appellate court to frame omitted essential issues and refer only those specific issues to the trial court to record additional evidence and return reasoned findings, while retaining seisin of the appeal.
Key Legal Elements
- Omission by Trial Court: Trial court failed to frame or try an essential issue of fact or law.
- Limited Reference: Not a general remand under Rule 23/23A; only specific omitted issues are referred.
- Seisin Retained: Appeal is NOT disposed of; appellate court retains control of the appeal on its docket.
- Direction for Additional Evidence: Trial court acts as a commissioner to take evidence on specified issues.
- Return with Findings: Trial court must record findings with reasons and transmit the evidence and report within stipulated time.
Practical Note
Limited Remittal of Issues under Rule 25 vs General Remand: 1. Retention of Jurisdiction: Unlike Rule 23 or 23A where the decree is reversed and the suit is sent back for fresh disposal, under Rule 25 the appeal remains alive on the appellate court's board. The appellate court merely stays further hearing until the trial court returns its findings on the newly framed issues (Ramkrishna v. Janardhan, 1974 1 SCC 400). 2. Trial Court's Function: The trial court acting under Rule 25 cannot go beyond the points referred to it. It has no jurisdiction to re-decide other issues or dismiss the suit; its role is strictly to record evidence and submit its findings to the appellate court.
हिंदी पाठ
जहां उस न्यायालय ने जिसकी डिक्री के विरुद्ध अपील की गई है, किसी ऐसे विवाद्यक की विरचना करने या विचारण करने में अथवा तथ्य के किसी ऐसे प्रश्न का अवधारण करने में लोप किया है जो अपीलीय न्यायालय को गुणागुण के आधार पर वाद के सही विनिश्चय के लिए आवश्यक प्रतीत होता है, वहां अपीलीय न्यायालय, यदि आवश्यक हो तो, विवाद्यक विरचित कर सकेगा और उन्हें उस न्यायालय को विचारण के लिए निर्देशित कर सकेगा जिसकी डिक्री के विरुद्ध अपील की गई है, और ऐसे मामले में उस न्यायालय को अपेक्षित अतिरिक्त साक्ष्य लेने का निदेश देगा; और वह न्यायालय ऐसे विवाद्यकों का विचारण करने के लिए अग्रसर होगा, तथा अपीलीय न्यायालय द्वारा नियत या समय-समय पर बढ़ाए गए समय के भीतर साक्ष्य को उस पर अपने निष्कर्षों और उनके कारणों सहित अपीलीय न्यायालय को वापस भेजेगा।