Sale when to become absolute or be set aside
Full Text
(1) Where no application is made under rule 89, rule 90 or rule 91, or where such application is made and disallowed, the Court shall make an order confirming the sale, and thereupon the sale shall become absolute: Provided that, where any property is sold in execution of a decree pending the final disposal of any claim to, or any objection to the attachment of, such property, the Court shall not confirm such sale until the final disposal of such claim or objection.
(2) Where such application is made and allowed, and where, in the case of an application under rule 89, the deposit required by that rule is made within sixty days from the date of sale, or in cases where the amount deposited under rule 89 is found to be deficient owing to any clerical or arithmetical mistake on the part of the depositor and such deficiency has been made good within such time as may be fixed by the Court, the Court shall make an order setting aside the sale: Provided that no order shall be made unless notice of the application has been given to all persons affected thereby: Provided further that the deposit under this sub-rule may be made within sixty days in all such cases where the period of thirty days, within which the deposit had to be made, has not expired before the commencement of the Code of Civil Procedure (Amendment) Act, 2002.
(3) No suit to set aside an order made under this rule shall be brought by any person against whom such order is made.
(4) Where a third party challenges the judgment-debtor’s title by filing a suit against the auction-purchaser, the decree-holder and the judgment-debtor shall be necessary parties to the suit.
(5) If the suit referred to in sub-rule (4) is decreed, the Court shall direct the decree-holder to refund the money to the auction-purchaser, and where such an order is passed the execution proceeding in which the sale had been held shall, unless the Court otherwise directs, be revived at the stage at which the sale was ordered.
Plain English Summary
Governs the confirmation of immovable execution sales making them absolute, setting aside sales upon allowed applications, barring separate suits to annul confirmation orders, and providing statutory restitution if a third-party suit evicts the auction purchaser.
Key Legal Elements
- Confirmation Order Mandate: Court must confirm sale if no applications under Rules 89–91 are pending.
- Vesting of Absolute Title: Upon confirmation, title relates back to the auction date under Section 65.
- Pendency of Rule 58 Bar (Proviso): Sale cannot be confirmed while third-party objection is pending.
- Correction of Clerical Deficit (Sub-rule 2): Court empowers cure of minor arithmetical shortfall in Rule 89 deposits.
- Total Bar on Separate Suits (Sub-rule 3): Confirmation cannot be challenged via independent civil suit.
- Restitution & Execution Revival (Sub-rules 4 & 5): Full monetary refund to purchaser if third party succeeds in title suit.
Practical Note
The Finality of Confirmation under Rule 92: 1. Doctrine of Relation Back - Prahlad Singh v. Col. Sukhdev Singh (1987) 1 SCC 727: Once an order confirming the sale is passed under Rule 92, the sale becomes absolute. By operation of Section 65 CPC, the property vests in the auction purchaser retrospectively from the date of the auction, not from the date of confirmation! 2. Protection of Auction Purchaser: Sub-rules (4) & (5) (inserted in 1976) provide a safety net. If a stranger later files a suit and proves that the debtor did not own the land, the decree-holder must refund the purchase price to the auction purchaser, and the execution petition automatically revives!
हिंदी पाठ
(1) जहां नियम 89, नियम 90 या नियम 91 के अधीन कोई आवेदन नहीं किया जाता है, अथवा जहां ऐसा आवेदन किया जाता है और नामंजूर कर दिया जाता है, वहां न्यायालय विक्रय की पुष्टि करने वाला आदेश (Order confirming the sale) करेगा, और तब विक्रय अंतिम (Sale shall become absolute) हो जाएगा: परंतु यदि कुर्की पर कोई आपत्ति लंबित है, तो उसका अंतिम निपटारा होने तक न्यायालय विक्रय की पुष्टि नहीं करेगा।
(2) जहां ऐसा आवेदन स्वीकार किया जाता है और 60 दिन में संदाय हो जाता है (या लिपिकीय भूल को कोर्ट द्वारा दी गई मोहलत में सुधार लिया जाता है), वहां न्यायालय विक्रय को अपास्त करने का आदेश करेगा।
(3) इस नियम के अधीन किए गए आदेश को अपास्त कराने के लिए कोई पृथक वाद नहीं लाया जाएगा।
(4) यदि कोई तीसरा पक्ष क्रेता के विरुद्ध वाद दायर कर स्वत्व को चुनौती देता है, तो डिक्रीदार और निर्णय-ऋणी आवश्यक पक्षकार होंगे।
(5) यदि ऐसा वाद डिक्री हो जाता है, तो डिक्रीदार क्रेता को धन वापस करेगा और निष्पादन उसी प्रक्रम पर पुनः जीवित हो जाएगा।