Other orders
Full Text
(1) Save as otherwise expressly provided, no appeal shall lie from any order made by a Court in the exercise of its original or appellate jurisdiction; but where a decree is appealed from, any error, defect or irregularity in any order, affecting the decision of the case, may be set forth as a ground of objection in the memorandum of appeal.
(2) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1), where any party aggrieved by an order of remand from which an appeal lies does not appeal therefrom, he shall thereafter be precluded from disputing its correctness.
Plain English Summary
Section 105 bars direct appeals from non-appealable interlocutory orders, but allows parties to challenge any such order affecting the decision as a ground in the appeal against the final decree, while strictly precluding challenges to an appealable order of remand if not appealed immediately.
Key Legal Elements
- General Bar on Interlocutory Appeals: Non-enumerated interlocutory orders cannot be appealed directly.
- Challenge Through Final Decree Appeal: Errors or irregularities in interlocutory orders affecting the case decision can be raised as grounds in the appeal against the final decree.
- Merits Affectation Requirement: The challenged interlocutory order must be one that affected the ultimate decision of the suit.
- Remand Preclusion Exception (Sec 105(2)): If an appealable order of remand (Order XLIII Rule 1(u)) is not appealed against, its correctness cannot be disputed subsequently.
Practical Note
Interlocutory Orders in Decree Appeals & Remand Preclusion: (1) Challenging Interlocutory Orders in Final Appeal (Sec 105(1)): Litigants need not rush to the High Court under Article 227 against every procedural or interlocutory order (e.g. rejection of amendment of pleadings under Order VI Rule 17, dismissal of application under Order VII Rule 11, or closure of evidence). Under Section 105(1), when the final decree is passed, any erroneous interlocutory order that affected the final decision can be set forth as a specific ground in the Section 96 First Appeal (*Satyadhyan Ghosal v. Deorajin Debi, 1960*). (2) Remand Order Preclusion (Sec 105(2)): A vital exception to Section 105(1). An order of remand under Order XLI Rule 23 or 23A is expressly appealable under Order XLIII Rule 1(u). If a party fails to appeal against that remand order immediately, they cannot later challenge the validity of the remand in an appeal against the subsequent decree passed on remand.
हिंदी पाठ
(1) जैसा अन्यथा अभिव्यक्त रूप से उपबंधित है उसके सिवाय, अपनी आरंभिक या अपीलीय अधिकारिता के प्रयोग में किसी न्यायालय द्वारा किए गए किसी आदेश की कोई अपील नहीं होगी; किन्तु जहाँ किसी डिक्री की अपील की जाती है, वहाँ मामले के विनिश्चय को प्रभावित करने वाले किसी आदेश में की कोई गलती, त्रुटि या अनियमितता अपील के ज्ञापन में आक्षेप के आधार के रूप में उपवर्णित की जा सकेगी।
(2) उपधारा (1) में किसी बात के होते हुए भी, जहाँ किसी ऐसे प्रतिप्रेषण (remand) के आदेश से व्यथित कोई पक्षकार, जिसकी अपील होती है, उसकी अपील नहीं करता है, वहाँ वह तत्पश्चात उसकी शुद्धता पर आक्षेप करने से विवर्जित (precluded) रहेगा।