Confidential communication with legal advisers
Full Text
No one shall be compelled to disclose to the Court any confidential communication which has taken place between him and his legal adviser, unless he offers himself as a witness, in which case he may be compelled to disclose any such communications as may appear to the Court necessary to be known in order to explain any evidence which he has given, but no others.
Plain English Summary
Clients cannot be forced to reveal confidential talks with their legal advisors unless they testify in court, and even then, only to the extent necessary to explain their evidence.
Key Legal Elements
- Protection for client against compelled disclosure
- Applies to communications with legal advisers
- Exception: When client testifies as witness
- Disclosure limited to what is necessary to explain evidence
Practical Note
While Section 132 protects the Advocate from disclosing, Section 134 protects the Client. It ensures that the client is also not forced to break the seal of secrecy. The only exception is if the client testifies and the communication is needed to clarify their testimony.
हिंदी पाठ
विधिक सलाहकारों से गोपनीय संसूचनाएं — किसी भी व्यक्ति को न्यायालय को ऐसी कोई गोपनीय संसूचना प्रकट करने के लिए विवश नहीं किया जाएगा जो उसके और उसके विधिक सलाहकार के बीच हुई हो, जब तक कि वह अपने को साक्षी के रूप में प्रस्थापित न कर दे, जिस दशा में वह ऐसी संसूचनाओं को प्रकट करने के लिए विवश किया जा सकेगा जैसी न्यायालय को उसके द्वारा दिए गए साक्ष्य को स्पष्ट करने के लिए जानना आवश्यक प्रतीत हो, किन्तु अन्य को नहीं।