Plaintiff may bring fresh suit or Court may restore suit to file
Full Text
Where a suit is dismissed under rule 2 or rule 3, the plaintiff may (subject to the law of limitation) bring a fresh suit; or he may apply for an order to set the dismissal aside, and if he satisfies the Court that there was sufficient cause for such failure as is referred to in rule 2, or for his non-appearance, as the case may be, the Court shall make an order setting aside the dismissal and shall appoint a day for proceeding with the suit.
Plain English Summary
Provides dual remedies to a plaintiff whose suit is dismissed under Rule 2 or Rule 3: either file a fresh suit within limitation, or apply for restoration by demonstrating sufficient cause for non-payment of process fees or non-appearance.
Key Legal Elements
- Two Parallel Options: (1) Institute fresh suit (provided limitation survives), OR (2) Apply for restoration.
- Sufficient Cause Standard: Must satisfy the court why process fees were not paid or why counsel/litigant could not reach court on time.
- Mandatory Duty of Court: Word 'shall' indicates court must restore if sufficient cause is demonstrated.
- Limitation Period: 30 days from the date of dismissal under Article 122 of the Limitation Act, 1963.
Practical Note
Drafting & Strategy for Restoration under Order IX Rule 4: 1. Application Header: 'Application on behalf of Plaintiff under Order IX Rule 4 read with Section 151 CPC for Setting Aside Dismissal Order dated [Date] and for Restoration of the Suit to its Original Number'. 2. Limitation & Section 5: The application must be filed within 30 days under Article 122 of the Limitation Act. If delayed, file an accompanying application under Section 5 Limitation Act for condonation of delay. 3. Landmark Principle: In Sangram Singh v. Election Tribunal (AIR 1955 SC 425), the Supreme Court emphasized that procedure is handmaid of justice; procedural default should not shut out substantial justice where cause is shown.
हिंदी पाठ
जहां वाद नियम 2 या नियम 3 के अधीन खारिज कर दिया जाता है, वहां वादी (परिसीमा विधि के अधीन रहते हुए) नया वाद ला सकेगा; अथवा वह खारिजी को अपास्त करने के आदेश के लिए आवेदन कर सकेगा, और यदि वह न्यायालय का यह समाधान कर देता है कि यथास्थिति, नियम 2 में निर्दिष्ट ऐसी असफलता के लिए अथवा अपनी अनुपस्थिति के लिए पर्याप्त हेतुक (Sufficient Cause) था, तो न्यायालय खारिजी को अपास्त करने का आदेश करेगा और वाद में आगे कार्यवाही करने के लिए एक दिन नियत करेगा।