Powers of Court pending appeal
Full Text
(1) Notwithstanding the grant of a certificate for the admission of any appeal, the decree appealed from shall be unconditionally executed, unless the Court otherwise directs.
(2) The Court may, if it thinks fit, on special cause shown by any party interested in the suit, or otherwise appearing to the Court,—
(a) impound any movable property in dispute or any part thereof, or
(b) allow the decree appealed from to be executed, taking such security from the respondent as the Court thinks fit for the due performance of any order which the Supreme Court may make on the appeal, or
(c) stay the execution of the decree appealed from, taking such security from the appellant as the Court thinks fit for the due performance of the decree appealed from, or of any decree or order which the Supreme Court may make on the appeal, or
(d) place any party seeking the assistance of the Court under such conditions or give such other direction respecting the subject-matter of the appeal, as it thinks fit, by the appointment of a receiver or otherwise.
Plain English Summary
Affirms that granting a certificate does not automatically stay execution; empowers the High Court upon special cause shown pending Supreme Court appeal to impound movables, permit execution on restitution security, grant stay on appellant's security, or appoint a receiver.
Key Legal Elements
- No Automatic Stay (Sub-rule 1): Mere grant of certificate of fitness does NOT operate as an automatic stay of execution.
- Four Specific Interim Powers (Sub-rule 2): (a) Impound disputed movable property; (b) Allow execution taking restitution security from decree-holder; (c) Stay execution upon taking security from appellant; (d) Appoint a receiver or impose protective conditions.
- Threshold Test — 'Special Cause': Ordinary grounds of appeal do not suffice; applicant must establish exceptional hardship, irreparable injury, or risk of waste/destruction.
- Parallel to Order XLI Rule 5: Operates at the High Court level before seisin is fully taken over by the Supreme Court.
Practical Note
Interim Protection under Order XLV Rule 13: 1. High Court's Power Pending SLP / Appeal: In Indira Nehru Gandhi v. Raj Narain (1975 Supp SCC 1) and Atma Ram Properties (P) Ltd. v. Federal Motors (P) Ltd. (2005) 1 SCC 705, the Supreme Court examined the contours of interim stay pending appeal. Under Rule 13(2)(c), the High Court has jurisdiction to stay its own decree upon requiring the appellant to furnish adequate security (including deposit of mesne profits or decretal amounts). 2. Restitution Security under Clause (b): If the decree-holder seeks to execute a money or property decree during the pendency of the Supreme Court appeal, the High Court routinely invokes clause (b) to direct the decree-holder to furnish solvent bank guarantee or immovable property security for restitution in the event the appeal succeeds in the Supreme Court.
हिंदी पाठ
(1) किसी अपील के ग्रहण के लिए प्रमाणपत्र दिए जाने के बावजूद, उस डिक्री का जिसके विरुद्ध अपील की गई है, बिना किसी शर्त के निष्पादन किया जाएगा, जब तक कि न्यायालय अन्यथा निदेश न दे।
(2) न्यायालय, यदि वह ठीक समझे, वाद में हितबद्ध किसी पक्षकार द्वारा विशेष हेतुक (Special Cause) दर्शित किए जाने पर, या अन्यथा न्यायालय को ऐसा प्रतीत होने पर,—
(क) विवादग्रस्त किसी जंगम (Movable) संपत्ति को या उसके किसी भाग को परिबद्ध (Impound) कर सकेगा, अथवा
(ख) प्रत्यर्थी से ऐसे आदेश के सम्यक पालन के लिए जैसी उच्चतम न्यायालय अपील में करे, ऐसी प्रतिभूति लेकर जैसी न्यायालय ठीक समझे, उस डिक्री का निष्पादन किए जाने की अनुज्ञा दे सकेगा जिसके विरुद्ध अपील की गई है, अथवा
(ग) अपीलार्थी से उस डिक्री के जिसके विरुद्ध अपील की गई है अथवा किसी ऐसी डिक्री या आदेश के जिसे उच्चतम न्यायालय अपील में करे सम्यक पालन के लिए ऐसी प्रतिभूति लेकर जैसी न्यायालय ठीक समझे, अपील की गई डिक्री के निष्पादन को रोक (Stay) सकेगा, अथवा
(घ) न्यायालय की सहायता चाहने वाले किसी पक्षकार को ऐसे निबंधनों के अधीन रख सकेगा या अपील की विषय-वस्तु के संबंध में ऐसे अन्य निदेश दे सकेगा जैसा वह ठीक समझे, चाहे रिसीवर की नियुक्ति द्वारा या अन्यथा।