Court may control evidence
Full Text
(1) The Court may, by directions, regulate the evidence as to issues on which it requires evidence and the manner in which such evidence may be placed before the Court.
(2) The Court may, in its discretion and for reasons to be recorded in writing, exclude evidence that would otherwise be produced by the parties.
Plain English Summary
Vests active case-management power in the Commercial Court to regulate the specific issues requiring evidence and exclude unnecessary or cumulative evidence that parties seek to tender.
Key Legal Elements
- Inserted by Commercial Courts Act, 2015: Applies to suits before Commercial Divisions and Commercial Courts.
- Proactive Evidence Control (Sub-rule 1): Dictates which issues need testimony and how it is led.
- Judicial Power of Exclusion (Sub-rule 2): Court can bar redundant witnesses or cumulative documents for recorded reasons.
- Trimming Litigation Delays: Prevents parties from parading repetitive witnesses on established points.
Practical Note
Commercial Courtroom Practice under Rule 4: In commercial suits, if an opposing party lists 5 separate chartered accountants to prove the exact same ledger, move under Order XIX Rule 4(2) CPC for an order excluding 4 of the witnesses as redundant and cumulative.
हिंदी पाठ
(1) न्यायालय निदेशों द्वारा उन विवाद्यकों पर साक्ष्य को विनियमित कर सकेगा जिन पर उसे साक्ष्य अपेक्षित है तथा उस रीति को भी विनियमित कर सकेगा जिससे ऐसा साक्ष्य न्यायालय के समक्ष प्रस्तुत किया जाएगा।
(2) न्यायालय अपने विवेकानुसार और लिखित में अभिलिखित किए जाने वाले कारणों से, ऐसे साक्ष्य को अपवर्जित (Exclude) कर सकेगा जो अन्यथा पक्षकारों द्वारा पेश किया जाता।